Tartar Build Up in Senior Dogs: Symptoms and Treatment

As your dog ages, they begin to face various health issues. One of the most common problems is related to their teeth. Dental problems come in many forms, and among them, tartar build up in senior dog is very common. Tartar is a hard layer that forms on the surface of the teeth and gradually damages both the teeth and gums.

If it is not treated in time, it can lead to more serious diseases such as gingivitis and periodontal disease. These issues not only affect the mouth but can also harm the entire body.

That’s why here, we will understand what tartar build up in senior dogs, what damage it can cause, and what steps dog parents should take to prevent it.

What is Tartar Build-Up?

• Tartar is a mineral-rich hard deposit that forms on the surface of the teeth.
• It usually starts with a sticky layer called plaque. Plaque is formed from food particles, bacteria, and saliva.
• If plaque is not removed on time, it hardens and turns into tartar.
• At first, tartar forms on the visible surface of the teeth, but gradually it spreads between the teeth and even down to the roots.

Why is Tartar Build-Up More Common in Senior Dogs?

1. Age Factor
   With age, a dog’s immunity weakens, which makes it harder for their body to fight bacteria.
2. Long-Term Accumulation of Dirt
   If proper dental care is not done for months, plaque and tartar continue to build up.
3. Saliva Issues
   With age, many dogs develop changes in their saliva. Excess minerals like calcium in saliva can lead to faster plaque and tartar formation.
4. Lack of Brushing
   Studies show that most pet parents do not brush their senior dog’s teeth regularly, which causes plaque to harden into tartar.
5. Type of Diet
   • Feeding only soft food increases tartar risk. Adding dry kibble helps because it provides slight cleaning while chewing.
   • Sweet foods and table scraps also increase tartar formation.
6. Breed Factor
   Dogs with small mouths (like Pugs, Chihuahuas, Pomeranians) are more prone to tartar build-up.
7. Genetic Problem
   In some dogs, dental disease is inherited from their ancestors.

Symptoms of Tartar Build-Up

You may notice the following signs in your dog:

• Bad breath
• Excessive drooling
• Pawing at the mouth
• Loss of appetite
• Difficulty eating
• Red or bleeding gums
• Yellow or black coating on teeth
• Irritability or mood changes

If these symptoms appear, the condition can progress to serious diseases such as gingivitis and periodontal disease.

Dangers of Tartar Build-Up

1. Loss of Appetite
   Pain makes it difficult for the dog to eat, which can also cause weight loss.
2. Gum Problems
   Continuous infection spreads from the gums to the roots and even to the bones, causing teeth to loosen and eventually fall out.
3. Impact on the Whole Body
   Bacteria from the gums can enter the bloodstream and damage vital organs like the heart, kidneys, and liver. This is especially dangerous for senior dogs whose immunity is already weaker.
4. Reduced Quality of Life
   Constant pain, bad breath, and lack of appetite affect their daily life and happiness.

Prevention

1. Regular Brushing
   • Use a dog-specific soft toothbrush (never use a human brush).
   • Brush 3–4 times a week, or daily if possible.
2. Dental Chews and Toys
   • Give vet-approved dental chews.
   • Use safe chew toys that help clean teeth.
3. Proper Diet
   • Provide crunchy or dry food to reduce tartar.
   • Avoid sugary items and table scraps.
4. Dental Check-Ups
   • For senior dogs, schedule dental check-ups every 3–6 months.
   • If required, get professional dental cleaning from a vet.
5. Water Additives and Dental Gels
   • Special additives can be mixed in drinking water to reduce bacteria.
   • Dental gels can also help prevent tartar.
6. Early Symptoms
   • If you notice bad breath, swollen gums, or brown deposits on teeth, consult a vet immediately.

Treatment

If tartar has already built up, only a vet can remove it. Treatments include:

• Scaling and Polishing – Teeth are cleaned with a special scaling machine.
• Professional Dental Cleaning – Done under anesthesia to completely remove tartar.
• Tooth Extraction – Severely damaged teeth are removed to prevent further infection.

Tips for Senior Dog Parents

• Brush daily, or at least 3 times a week.
• Do not ignore early signs of dental issues.
• Provide dental chews and a balanced diet.
• Use water additives and gels if possible.
• Schedule at least two dental check-ups per year.
• Get professional cleaning done when necessary.

Conclusion

Tartar build-up is a serious condition. It not only damages the teeth and gums but can also affect the entire body. If neglected, it can develop into gingivitis and periodontal disease.

As a responsible dog parent, you must pay special attention to your senior companion’s dental health. With daily brushing, a proper diet, and regular vet visits, you can protect your beloved dog from pain and serious health issues.

After all, a healthy smile is the beginning of a healthy life – whether it’s for you or your dog. 🐶✨